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Systemic financial stress

12cold

Now 0.009 | Data for Oct 2026

Hot and cold describe position, not good or bad: warm does not mean a fall is coming, and an extreme reading does not mean a quick reversal. We describe history only, with no buy or sell advice.

050100Financial stress

What it is

Financial stress: what is measured, and why it matters

What it measures

The ECB’s Composite Indicator of Systemic Stress (CISS), which combines volatility and co-movement across stock, bond, currency and money markets. The headline reading is for the US; the euro area, the UK and China are also shown.

Why it matters

A rising index signals market panic and tight funding; a low reading means calm markets.

The headline reading is for the US; lower = calmer markets.

Where it stands now

Position over time

Data: European Central Bank (ECB), Composite Indicator of Systemic Stress (CISS), new version. Positions: our calculation.

coldcoolneutralwarmhotHatched = earlier periods that were also cold

Where the regions stand

RegionsPercentileLevelData month
Euro area21coolOct 2026
UK12coldOct 2026
China0coldat an extremeOct 2026

When it was here before

Earlier cold periods (7), plus the current one

US stocks after it began, cumulative1 yr2 yr3 yr

  1. Dec 1989⁠–Nov 199572-month period, cold in 52 of those months1 yr−5.7%2 yr+11.4%3 yr+25.0%
  2. Feb 1997⁠–Jul 199818-month period, cold in 13 of those months1 yr+28.2%2 yr+56.1%3 yr+74.0%
  3. Jan 2004⁠–Jul 200631-month period, cold in 13 of those months1 yr+4.3%2 yr+12.9%3 yr+25.8%
  4. May 20111-month period, cold throughout · 2011 Euro debt crisis1 yr+0.2%2 yr+22.5%3 yr+41.2%
  5. Oct 2012⁠–May 201532-month period, cold in 18 of those months1 yr+19.6%2 yr+34.7%3 yr+40.8%
  6. Aug 2016⁠–Nov 201940-month period, cold in 18 of those months · 2018 February stock sell-off1 yr+13.1%2 yr+31.6%3 yr+33.5%
  7. Jan 2021⁠–Jan 202213-month period, cold in 7 of those months1 yr+20.6%2 yr+4.4%3 yr+26.9%
  8. Aug 2023⁠–⁠now39-month period, cold in 11 of those monthsStill under way

For each period, the changes 1, 2 and 3 years after it began are cumulative and measured from its first month; “What happened next” is measured from every cold month, so the two give different numbers. The events named beside each period are major events of that time, not necessarily related to the readings here.

What happened next

How US stocks moved after earlier months with Financial stress cold

Bars: median cumulative changeEarlier months with Financial stress cold, excluding the current period (122)All months (443)

1 yr later
+9.7%down in 11% of cases
+11.8%down in 19% of cases
3 yr later
+30.7%down in 2% of cases
+33.2%down in 17% of cases
5 yr later
+73.7%down in 17% of cases
+61.9%down in 23% of cases

Median of the deepest drop below the starting month within the next 5 years: −1.6% for months with Financial stress cold; −4.7% for all months.

The cold months come from a small number of market episodes (7), and neighboring months are not independent events; rises and falls are all listed. This is the historical record, not a forecast. “US stocks” means the S&P 500 price index compiled by Professor Shiller (monthly average, excluding dividends).

Where Financial stress went next

Later positions of Financial stress, after past months that were cold, like now
Median positionBack to neutral (40⁠–⁠60)Still no warmer than cold
1 yr later24cool15%43%
3 yr later31cool17%32%
5 yr later46neutral20%24%

Has hot or cold lined up with later returns?

No clear link in the past

1989⁠–⁠2021: average yearly change in US stocks over the next 5 years

Hottest 20%
+9.1%a year
All months
+8.6%a year
Coldest 20%
+11.8%a year

There is no clear relationship between hot or cold and what came next. The gaps between the bars are not consistent across months (rank correlation below 0.25); this is a record of the past, not a forecast.

What it is linked to

Links involving Financial stress

Financial stresstoWorld stocksCommon explanation: Ripple · opposite direction

In a panic, the prices of risky assets of all kinds tend to fall together

This issue: Financial stress at 12 (cold), World stocks at 72 (warm) — Financial stress below normal, World stocks above normal, in line with the common explanation (this is an inverse link).

Supported by the dataAgreement +0.48 · in step in 28 of 32 5-year periods

Financial stresstoGoldCommon explanation: Ripple · same direction

In a panic, safe-haven demand flows into gold

This issue: Financial stress at 12 (cold), Gold at 84 (hot) — Financial stress below normal, Gold above normal, not in line with the common explanation.

Weak or inconsistentAgreement +0.25 · in step in 17 of 32 5-year periods

Financial stresstoUS dollarCommon explanation: Ripple · same direction

In a panic, money rushes into the dollar for safety

This issue: Financial stress at 12 (cold), US dollar at 45 (neutral) — at least one is in the neutral range (40⁠–⁠60), so we make no call this issue.

Not visible in our dataAgreement +0.10 · in step in 8 of 8 5-year periods

In most periods the two moved the way the common explanation says, but their highs and lows do not line up over the whole history, so overall no relationship is visible.

OFR stress and Financial stress are often linked: both measure stress in financial markets, so the same shock makes both jump. They share a common source, so we do not draw a link between them.

Bond volatility and Financial stress are often linked: both measure how fearful markets are, so the same shock makes both jump. They share a common source, so we do not draw a link between them.

Credit spread and Financial stress are often linked: both measure how fearful markets are, so the same shock makes both jump. They share a common source, so we do not draw a link between them.

Values

Values over time

Unit: index. Data: European Central Bank (ECB), Composite Indicator of Systemic Stress (CISS), new version.

Data and sources

Where the data come from and how they are calculated

Source
European Central Bank (ECB), Composite Indicator of Systemic Stress (CISS), new version
Frequency
Monthly
Positions start
Dec 1989
Method
Position = the percentile of the value itself within its own history
Unit
index
License
Open license, with attribution

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